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There are five main sects in Hinduism, and one of them is the Sour Sect, the one connected with the Sun god. The sun has always been considered very important in Hinduism. The Sun God is worshipped since ancient times. Mention of the sun as well as its various manifestations like Savitru, Pooshat, Bhaga, Vivaswat, Mija, Aryaman, Vishnu is frequently found in the Veds. All these deities, together with Ansh, Yaksha and Martand form the Adityaganas. There are twelve Adityas. This is found in the great epics as well as in the Pouranic literature. In some of the Shastras, their names are found: Dhatru, Mija, Aryaman, Rudra, Vivasvawat, Varun, Surya, Bhaga, Pooshat, Savita, Twashta and Vishnu. Although this list is not the same in all the Shastras, some of the names are common. In the list of the twelve Aditya, the names of the Vedic manifestations of Lord Brahma, Vishnu and Shiv are also found, which are Dhata, Vishnu, Rudra. According to Griswald, the Sun, Savitru and Pooshat is the Lord of the entire universe including the living and the non-living beings. He is said to be the assistant of the Fire God. He is called Mija, Varun as well as the Eye of the Fire God. The deity Savita is omnipresent. The Veds consider the Sun as the soul of the universe. The most of the Veds, i.e., RigVed is replete with the Suktas created on the Sun.

In the RigVed, mention of the Sun God is found in different Shloks. In two Mantras from RigVed (7,60,1,62,2), the Rishis request the rising sun to make them sinless from Mitra and Varun. These thoughts may have born out of the fact that the rising sun destroys all darkness and everything generating from the darkness. This must have led them to believe that it also destroys all sins. Koushitaki has worshipped the Sun God in the morning and evening, and offering Him water and sandalwood, has requested Him to wash away all the sins. Even now, the worship of the Sun is performed in the same way, in the morning and noon. Mantras are chanted, and the ritual of Aachmans is performed using water. The Mantras request the Sun, Manyu and Manyupati to protect the worshipper from all the sins. The Sun is offered the Arghya three times after repeating the Gayatri Mantra, along with other material for worship.the Then the Adityabrahma is worshipped, and thus, water is offered in all four directions around the head. Ashwalayan has instructed that at the time of dawn, while performing the Sandhyavandan, we should face the east and repeat the Gayatri Mantra till the sun rises completely. In the evening, the same ritual should be repeated till the sun sets completely

At the time of the Upanayan of the child boy, when all the things necessary are presented to him for the life of a bachelor, the Guru asks him to look at the sun in the east and requests the Sun: O Savita, he is your bachelor; please protect him. In the Khadiragruhyasutra, one is advised to worship Sun God for attaining wealth and success (4,1,14 and 23). While living in the forests, Dharmaraj Yudhishthir has praised the Sun god and obtained a utensil to make food for all his brothers and family members. The utensil could produce food for any number of guests and members. The worship of Sun is also performed in various religious rituals. RigVed (1/151/1) says: the Sun influences the Pran, Apan and the fire of Yagna, and He is present in all the three Loks – Dyulok, Prithvilok and Antarikshalok in the form of His rays.

In the Vedic times, majority of the time of morning prayers was spent on the Sun worship. The fire, which is said to be produced by sun rays, is considered very close in all kinds of relations: parent, brother, friend etc.

In the ancient times, the Suryasan was a prime physical exercise to be performed at the time of the sunrise. Even now, it is closely associated with the study and practice of Yoga, though with certain modifications. This exercise is called Suryanamaskars now, and while performing each physical posture, one name of the Sun God is chanted.

Just as Lord Shiva is recognized as the prime God and the Serpent God is worshipped as he is supposed to give the divine powers, the Sun God is the deity providing light and warmth and energy, and He is present in all the three Loks – Dyulok, Prithvilok and Antarikshalok in the form of His rays. One of the Vedic Mantras considers Him to be the soul of the entire universe. Thus, ever since the Vedic times, the Sun God is worshipped in the form of the Giver of wealth and success, food, health and other benefits, and the Destroyer of sins.

According to the Taitiriya Upanishad, Brahma, from whom the Sun is inseparable, is the creator of all things and living beings(T.U.3,1,1). The Sour Sect was established in the third and second century BC, and began worshipping the Sun as a separate deity. One of the Vedic Mantras considers Him to be the soul of the entire universe. Ever since the Vedic times, the Sun God is worshipped in the form of the Giver of wealth and success, food, health and other benefits, and the Destroyer of sins. According to the Taitiriya Upanishad, Brahma, from whom the Sun is inseparable, is the creator of all things and living beings (T.U.3,1,1).

The Sour Sect was established in the third and second century BC, and began worshipping the Sun as a separate deity. The Sun worshippers consider Him to be the reason for genesis and destruction of the universe and the Supreme God, and worship Him as the Creator, guardian and the Destroyer of the universe in the form of Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh. They consider the morning Sun as the Creator, the noon Sun as the destroyer and the evening Sun as the Guardian.

In the ancient times, the Sun worship was the most important after that of Lord Vishnu. The Sun was widely worshipped in Northern as well as Southern India. Sun worshippers put a spot of red sandalwood on their foreheads, and wore garlands of red flowers. They also performed repeated chanting of the Surya Gayatri Mantra.

In the Varah Puran, there is a story that Samb had got leprosy because of the curse of Lord Krishna, and it got cured after he worshipped the Sun (177-59-72/page 565). Afterwards, Samb constructed three sun temples at Mathura, Udaygiri and Sambpur. In all the three temples, there were idols of the rising sun, the sun at its zenith, and the setting sun. In Western Punjab at Mulsthan on the banks of river Chandrabhaga, (now it is Multan, which was Sambpur in the ancient times), the golden idols of the Sun god were very famous in those times. Dawson has mentioned the weight of this golden idol in his book as 230 ‘man’, which is nearly 4.5 tons. It was destroyed by Mohammad bin Kasim. Huen Tsang has mentioned a sun temple in Kannouj. All the kings of Thaneshwar like Rajyawardhan, Adityawardhan, Prabhakarwardhan were Sun worshippers. Other than literature sources, even archeological sources contain a lot of information about the ancientness of Sun worship. Evidence of a sun temple in Gwalior is found in the epigraph of the Mihir dynasty, that was of Hun origin. In the times of king Jeevitgupt of Magadh, mention of a sun temple in the Shahabad district of Bihar is found in one of the rock inscriptions. The Mandsour epigraph of Kumargupt I and Bandhubarman describes that a sun temple was created at Dashpur (Mandsour) by the weavers. The copper inscription of Skandagupt at Indore mentions creation of a sun temple in Indrapur (Indore). A number of sun temples were created in the Middle Age. Of these, a sun temple at Moghera in western Gujarat, and another one at Konark in Orissa are famous. Sun temples were created in Madhya Pradesh at Mankhera (dist. Tikam garh) by the Pratihar dynasty and at Khajuraho by the Bundela dynasty. Al Beruni has mentioned a wooden sun idol covered in leather. It was in existence till the 17th century, but was destroyed by Auragzeb. Some of the experts are of the opinion that the idol of Lord Jagannath at Puri is also related to the Sun God.

Human shaped idols of the moving sun were installed in a number of sun temples. A lot of sun idols and images are available from different places. There are breve looking idols of the sun God controlling His chariot driven by seven horses. Circumstance,directions and forms were seen in the from of these running chariots. Sun temples were created in all the four directions in ancient times in India. Out of these, the Martand Temple in Kashmir and the sun Temple at konark are still in existence and are famous for their great carvings and art works. Lot of very ancient sun temples have been found in whole of India.

Lot of famous warrior families and Rajput families call themselves Suryawanshis . lot of Rajput dynasties have been Suryawanshis , and had images of the Sun God on their flags and their kingdom signs. Their religious and family rituals still begin only with the worship of the Sun God.

by the Bundela dynasty. Al Beruni has mentioned a wooden sun idol covered in leather. It was in existence till the 17th century, but was destroyed by Auragzeb. Some of the experts are of the opinion that the idol of Lord Jagannath at Puri is also related to the Sun God.

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 Title : THE ANCIENTNESS OF SUN WORSHIP Author : Mr Krushna Gupta

There are five main sects in Hinduism, and one of them is the Sour Sect, the one connected with the Sun god. The sun has always been considered very important in Hinduism. The Sun God is worshipped since ancient times. Mention of the sun as well as its various manifestations like Savitru, Pooshat, Bhaga, Vivaswat, Mija, Aryaman, Vishnu is frequently found in the Veds. All these deities, together with Ansh, Yaksha and Martand form the Adityaganas. There are twelve Adityas. This is found in the great epics as well as in the Pouranic literature. In some of the Shastras, their names are found: Dhatru, Mija, Aryaman, Rudra, Vivasvawat, Varun, Surya, Bhaga, Pooshat, Savita, Twashta and Vishnu. Although this list is not the same in all the Shastras, some of the names are common. In the list of the twelve Aditya, the names of the Vedic manifestations of Lord Brahma, Vishnu and Shiv are also found, which are Dhata, Vishnu, Rudra. According to Griswald, the Sun, Savitru and Pooshat is the Lord of the entire universe including the living and the non-living beings. He is said to be the assistant of the Fire God. He is called Mija, Varun as well as the Eye of the Fire God. The deity Savita is omnipresent. The Veds consider the Sun as the soul of the universe. The most of the Veds, i.e., RigVed is replete with the Suktas created on the Sun.

In the RigVed, mention of the Sun God is found in different Shloks. In two Mantras from RigVed (7,60,1,62,2), the Rishis request the rising sun to make them sinless from Mitra and Varun. These thoughts may have born out of the fact that the rising sun destroys all darkness and everything generating from the darkness. This must have led them to believe that it also destroys all sins. Koushitaki has worshipped the Sun God in the morning and evening, and offering Him water and sandalwood, has requested Him to wash away all the sins. Even now, the worship of the Sun is performed in the same way, in the morning and noon. Mantras are chanted, and the ritual of Aachmans is performed using water. The Mantras request the Sun, Manyu and Manyupati to protect the worshipper from all the sins. The Sun is offered the Arghya three times after repeating the Gayatri Mantra, along with other material for worship.the Then the Adityabrahma is worshipped, and thus, water is offered in all four directions around the head. Ashwalayan has instructed that at the time of dawn, while performing the Sandhyavandan, we should face the east and repeat the Gayatri Mantra till the sun rises completely. In the evening, the same ritual should be repeated till the sun sets completely

At the time of the Upanayan of the child boy, when all the things necessary are presented to him for the life of a bachelor, the Guru asks him to look at the sun in the east and requests the Sun: O Savita, he is your bachelor; please protect him. In the Khadiragruhyasutra, one is advised to worship Sun God for attaining wealth and success (4,1,14 and 23). While living in the forests, Dharmaraj Yudhishthir has praised the Sun god and obtained a utensil to make food for all his brothers and family members. The utensil could produce food for any number of guests and members. The worship of Sun is also performed in various religious rituals. RigVed (1/151/1) says: the Sun influences the Pran, Apan and the fire of Yagna, and He is present in all the three Loks – Dyulok, Prithvilok and Antarikshalok in the form of His rays.

In the Vedic times, majority of the time of morning prayers was spent on the Sun worship. The fire, which is said to be produced by sun rays, is considered very close in all kinds of relations: parent, brother, friend etc.

In the ancient times, the Suryasan was a prime physical exercise to be performed at the time of the sunrise. Even now, it is closely associated with the study and practice of Yoga, though with certain modifications. This exercise is called Suryanamaskars now, and while performing each physical posture, one name of the Sun God is chanted.

Just as Lord Shiva is recognized as the prime God and the Serpent God is worshipped as he is supposed to give the divine powers, the Sun God is the deity providing light and warmth and energy, and He is present in all the three Loks – Dyulok, Prithvilok and Antarikshalok in the form of His rays. One of the Vedic Mantras considers Him to be the soul of the entire universe. Thus, ever since the Vedic times, the Sun God is worshipped in the form of the Giver of wealth and success, food, health and other benefits, and the Destroyer of sins.

According to the Taitiriya Upanishad, Brahma, from whom the Sun is inseparable, is the creator of all things and living beings(T.U.3,1,1). The Sour Sect was established in the third and second century BC, and began worshipping the Sun as a separate deity. One of the Vedic Mantras considers Him to be the soul of the entire universe. Ever since the Vedic times, the Sun God is worshipped in the form of the Giver of wealth and success, food, health and other benefits, and the Destroyer of sins. According to the Taitiriya Upanishad, Brahma, from whom the Sun is inseparable, is the creator of all things and living beings (T.U.3,1,1).

The Sour Sect was established in the third and second century BC, and began worshipping the Sun as a separate deity. The Sun worshippers consider Him to be the reason for genesis and destruction of the universe and the Supreme God, and worship Him as the Creator, guardian and the Destroyer of the universe in the form of Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh. They consider the morning Sun as the Creator, the noon Sun as the destroyer and the evening Sun as the Guardian.

In the ancient times, the Sun worship was the most important after that of Lord Vishnu. The Sun was widely worshipped in Northern as well as Southern India. Sun worshippers put a spot of red sandalwood on their foreheads, and wore garlands of red flowers. They also performed repeated chanting of the Surya Gayatri Mantra.

In the Varah Puran, there is a story that Samb had got leprosy because of the curse of Lord Krishna, and it got cured after he worshipped the Sun (177-59-72/page 565). Afterwards, Samb constructed three sun temples at Mathura, Udaygiri and Sambpur. In all the three temples, there were idols of the rising sun, the sun at its zenith, and the setting sun. In Western Punjab at Mulsthan on the banks of river Chandrabhaga, (now it is Multan, which was Sambpur in the ancient times), the golden idols of the Sun god were very famous in those times. Dawson has mentioned the weight of this golden idol in his book as 230 ‘man’, which is nearly 4.5 tons. It was destroyed by Mohammad bin Kasim. Huen Tsang has mentioned a sun temple in Kannouj. All the kings of Thaneshwar like Rajyawardhan, Adityawardhan, Prabhakarwardhan were Sun worshippers. Other than literature sources, even archeological sources contain a lot of information about the ancientness of Sun worship. Evidence of a sun temple in Gwalior is found in the epigraph of the Mihir dynasty, that was of Hun origin. In the times of king Jeevitgupt of Magadh, mention of a sun temple in the Shahabad district of Bihar is found in one of the rock inscriptions. The Mandsour epigraph of Kumargupt I and Bandhubarman describes that a sun temple was created at Dashpur (Mandsour) by the weavers. The copper inscription of Skandagupt at Indore mentions creation of a sun temple in Indrapur (Indore). A number of sun temples were created in the Middle Age. Of these, a sun temple at Moghera in western Gujarat, and another one at Konark in Orissa are famous. Sun temples were created in Madhya Pradesh at Mankhera (dist. Tikam garh) by the Pratihar dynasty and at Khajuraho by the Bundela dynasty. Al Beruni has mentioned a wooden sun idol covered in leather. It was in existence till the 17th century, but was destroyed by Auragzeb. Some of the experts are of the opinion that the idol of Lord Jagannath at Puri is also related to the Sun God.

Human shaped idols of the moving sun were installed in a number of sun temples. A lot of sun idols and images are available from different places. There are breve looking idols of the sun God controlling His chariot driven by seven horses. Circumstance,directions and forms were seen in the from of these running chariots. Sun temples were created in all the four directions in ancient times in India. Out of these, the Martand Temple in Kashmir and the sun Temple at konark are still in existence and are famous for their great carvings and art works. Lot of very ancient sun temples have been found in whole of India.

Lot of famous warrior families and Rajput families call themselves Suryawanshis . lot of Rajput dynasties have been Suryawanshis , and had images of the Sun God on their flags and their kingdom signs. Their religious and family rituals still begin only with the worship of the Sun God.

by the Bundela dynasty. Al Beruni has mentioned a wooden sun idol covered in leather. It was in existence till the 17th century, but was destroyed by Auragzeb. Some of the experts are of the opinion that the idol of Lord Jagannath at Puri is also related to the Sun God.

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